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Rockwell hardness
Use diamond cone or quenched steel ball indenter to press the indenter into the material surface under the action of test pressure F. After holding for a specified time, remove the main test force and maintain the initial test force. Calculate the hardness value with the residual indentation depth increment. During actual measurement, the Rockwell hardness value can be directly read out through the dial of the testing machine.
Indenter: a cone with a cone angle equal to 120 °, or a quenched steel ball with a diameter of D=1.588mm.
Brinell hardness
Use an indenter with a diameter of D, apply a certain pressure, and press the indenter into the surface of the sample. After holding the pressure for a specified time, remove the pressure, leaving an indentation on the test surface.
The Brinell hardness number is obtained by dividing the test pressure by the spherical surface area of the indentation.
Indenter material: quenched steel ball; Carbide ball
Scope of application:
It is suitable for hardness measurement of metal materials with large grains, such as cast iron and its alloys, various annealed and modulated steels, and most ex factory supplied steels. Especially for softer metals, such as pure aluminum, copper, tin, zinc and their alloys, the measured hardness is very accurate.
Vickers hardness
Press the indenter into the surface of the sample under a certain static testing force, and remove the testing force after holding it for a specified time, leaving an indentation on the surface of the sample.
Calculate the indentation area. Vickers hardness is the quotient of the detection force divided by the indentation surface area.
Indenter: diamond, square pyramid, face angle 136 °.
Scope of application:
The measuring range can cover all gold except for samples with very small and thin sample layers
